East Great Mountain (Dōngyuè): Tài Shān 泰山
“Tranquil Mountain”, Shāndōng Province, 1,545 m (5,069 ft)
Mount Tai is known as the eastern mountain of the Five Great Mountains of China. It is associated with sunrise, birth, and renewal, and is often regarded the foremost of the five. Mount Tai has been a place of worship for at least 3,000 years and served as one of the most important ceremonial centers of China during large portions of this period.
West Great Mountain (Xīyuè): Huà Shān 华山
“Splendid Mountain”, Shaanxi Province, 1,997 m (6,552 ft)
Hua Shan, located just east of Xi’an is made up of five peaks in total and is the most precipitous of the Five Great Mountains. As early as the 2nd century BC, there was a Daoist temple known as the Shrine of the Western Peak located at its base. Daoists believed that in the mountain lives the god of the underworld. The temple at the foot of the mountain was often used for spirit mediums to contact the god and his underlings. Unlike Taishan, which became a popular place of pilgrimage, Huashan, because of the inaccessibility of its summits, only received Imperial and local pilgrims, and was not well visited by pilgrims from the rest of China.
South Great Mountain (Nányuè): Héng Shān 衡山
“Balancing Mountain”, Húnán Province, 1,290 m (4,230 ft)
At the foot of the mountain stands the largest temple in southern China, the Grand Temple of Mount Heng (Nanyue Damiao), which is the largest group of ancient buildings in Hunan Province.
North Great Mountain (Běiyuè): Héng Shān 恒山
“Permanent Mountain”, Shānxī Province, 2,017 m (6,617 ft)
Heng Shan in Shanxi Province is sometimes known as the Northern Heng Shan, and the one in Hunan Province as Southern Heng Shan. Both mountains have the same pronunciation in Chinese, and the Southern Heng Shan is also one of the Five Sacred Mountains.
Center Great Mountain (Zhōngyuè): Sōng Shān 嵩山
“Lofty Mountain”, Hénán Province, 1,494 m (4,902 ft)
Songshan is made up of several mountains that rise to 1500 m in the Dengfeng district of Henan Province. The seven peaks of Song Shan stretch for 64 km between the cities of Luoyang and Zhengzhou. The slopes rise steeply from the valley and are thickly clad with trees, giving them an impressive appearance..
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